新概念3册英语培训班

新概念英语第四册知识点总结：The modern city

16-3. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory.

【译文】现代工业不断扩张，却根本没考虑到操作机器者的真实本性。工厂把一种人造的生存方式强加给工人，却不顾及这种生存方式给工人及其后代的影响。

【讲解】it指modern industry。produced作effects的定语，on与effect搭配在一起用，意为“对……的影响”。

imposed by the factory作the artificial mode of existence的定语。如果把produced摆在descendants和by之间则被容易误认为修饰descendents。produced摆在effects后面使读者一看即知是修饰effects。

【单词和短语】

artificial：人工的，人造的，人为的(not real or not made of natural things but made to be like something that is real or natural)，

例如：

artificial leather 人造革

an artificial leg 假腿

请注意，“假牙”只能用false teeth。

impose：把……强加于(to force someone to have the same ideas, beliefs etc. as you)，

例如：

He imposed on me his own ideas about the novel.

他把自己对这本小说的看法强加于我。

impose oneself(one’s company)on others

(尽管不受欢迎)还硬缠着别人

She imposed herself as their leader.

她自封为他们的头头。

impose的名词形式为imposition。