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新概念英语第四册知识点总结：Youth

5-4. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.

【译文】老年人和年轻人只有一个区别：青年人有光辉灿烂的前景，而老年人的辉煌已成为过去。问题的症结恐怕就在于此。

【讲解】a young one中one替代man以避免重复。关于句中的两个冒号，前一个介绍difference的同位语，后一个引出说明性内容。

【单词和短语】

the rub：困难，障碍。

例如：

There’s the rub. 难就难在这儿。

We’d like to travel, but the rub is that we have no money.

我们喜欢旅行，问题是没有钱。

5-5. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.

【译文】我十几岁时，总觉得自己年轻，懵懵懂懂——我感到我就像一所大学校里的新生，假如我当时真的极为有趣地被人看作是个问题，我真会感到非常得意。

【讲解】that I was a new…problem作felt的宾语，破折号表示引出被强调的部分。

请注意句中的暗喻(metaphor)修辞手法，作者把社会比作a huge school，把自己比作a new boy。I would have been very pleased是表示与过于事实不符的虚拟结构。to be regarded as…a problem相当于if anyone regarded me as…a problem，表示条件，作原因状语，修饰pleased。汉语的条件句一般位于主句之前，所以这里的to be regarded as…a problem译成汉语时应前移。so interesting as a problem作something的定语。

【单词和短语】

uncertain的名词形式是uncertainty。