新东方考博士英语培训_新东方考博士英语培训课程

医学考博英语阅读：根据上下文猜测文义的五种方法

2. 利用例子来猜词

例如：

Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.

作者为避免重复使用endanger一词，用其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此推知 jeopardize 词义为“使……陷入危险，危及、危害”。

Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.

句中detrimental是个生词，但判断出 harmful 替代 detrimental 后，不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。

Article 47 of the law also includes clear and detailed regulations on compensation. It says: “ An employee shall be paid a severance pay based on the number of years worked with the employer at the rate of one month’s wage for each full year worked.”

在这段话中，compensation 和 severance 是同义词。例文理解为: 这部法律的第47条也清楚且详尽地列出一系列有关补偿的规定。其中规定: “经济补偿按劳动者在本单位工作的年限，每满一年支付一个月工资的标准向劳动者支付 。”