发布时间： 2017年04月21日
1. 主语(subject)：句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east (名词) He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
2. 谓语(predicate)：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep.
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词
① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
3. 表语(predicative)：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
Five and five is ten. (数词) He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in.(副词) The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
(常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来，smell(闻起来), taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持，仍是), feel(感觉)……
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
(三) 挑出下列句中的表语
① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
4. 宾语：1)动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：
I like China. (名词) He hates you. (代词)
How many do you need? We need two. (数词)I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.
相关链接：
下一篇： 考研小作文—道歉信常用表达
一站式课程咨询服务平台
