发布时间： 2016年09月14日
【托福阅读材料】元宵节由来英文说法
农历正月十五元宵节，又称为“上元节”(Lantern Festival)、上元佳节、小正月、元夕或灯节，是春节之后的第一个重要节日，是中国亦是汉字文化圈的地区和海外华人的传统节日之一。正月是农历的元月，古人称夜为“宵”，所以把一年中第一个月圆之夜正月十五称为元宵节。
中国古俗中，上元节(元宵节)﹑中元节(盂兰盆节)﹑下元节(水官节)合称三元。元宵节始于2000多年前的秦朝。汉文帝时下令将正月十五定为元宵节。汉武帝时，“太一神”祭祀活动定在正月十五(太一：主宰宇宙一切之神)。司马迁创建“太初历”时，就已将元宵节确定为重大节日。
The Lantern Festival (元宵节) is the last day of the Chinese New Year celebration. This day is for the last moment for setting off fireworks, the last excuse for eating a big feast and the last chance for family getting together before the “年” celebrations are over. (Latern Festival is also a traditional time of celebration for foreigners who live in China).
The Lantern Festival, the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar, is the first full moon of the year. Celebrations and traditions on this day date back to the Western Han Dynasty.
Traditions for this festival: as the name indicates, hanging and looking at lanterns is the main tradition. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are displayed on trees, or along river banks.
Parents often take their children to Lantern Fairs and sometimes lucky kids even get a mini toy lantern.
Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles. These are riddles that are hung on lanterns for people to shoot down and solve. The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous. The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character, a famous person's name, a place name or a proverb. This tradition has become a popular game with serious staying power even as social development changes other traditions.
Other than that, the most important thing to do today is to eat sweet dumplings. In northern China, sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour are called “元宵” while in southern part they are called “汤圆”. Typical sweet dumplings are filled with black sesame sauce, sweetened bean paste, or hawthorn. Making “元宵” today is like a game or an activity, so it's seldom done without a reason and a group of friends or family present to help out.
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