2016年5月托福阅读精讲复习(四)

　　并列连词

　　有关并列连词的命题在TOEEL考试中占有极重要的地位。并列连接词不仅自身是命题的焦点，它还涉及到一些其它的题型，如平行结构，词类、及一致等TOEEL考试要点。一般说来，有关并列连词的题目并不深涩，因为连接词无论在语意上还是结构功能上都并非孤立使用。而且，细察并列连词的题目，还可寻见其中的命题规律并列连词常考题型及解题要点

　　1. 并列连词 and but or混淆

　　解题要点 这类题型主要分面布在written Expression (16-40题中) 当A、B、C、D四项选择中出现单独的and或but 或or 时，它通常就是此题的焦点，应根据句意判断此连词是否用错。

　　全真例题要分析

　　(1) Harvesting of grains is affected by annual changes in temperature or in the amount of moisture, but both. (90.1)

　　[答案] D 根据句意，这里并无转折关系。因此but 应改为or。

　　(2) Porcelain is not a single clay, and a compound of kaolin. Ball clay, feldspar. And silica. (91.1)

　　[答案] C 此句表达的是一个取舍关系，and应改为but. “not…but”是表达转折，到舍含义的固定并列连词搭配。

　　3. The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly comples for single-celled artimals.

　　[答案] A 根据句中复数谓语动词are 来判断，连词or是错误，它表述的概含是两项之一，应用单数第三人称动词。固而or应改为and。

　　(4) Cayenne popper comes from the seedpot of the pepper plant which is dried or then ground.

　　[答案] D 根据提示词then，我们可以判断dried 和ground (grind 的过去分词，碾碎)是顺序先后的两个动作，并非取舍选择关系。固此or应改为and。

　　2. 并列连接词词组

　　both…and as…as

　　not only …but also not so…as

　　either…or the same…as

　　neither…nor 比较级(more-re) …than

　　so…that to…to常与so…that

　　whether…or 混淆搭配

　　解题要点;上述并列连词词组和短语必须搭配使用，不能承意更换或省略。考题中如出现上述词组的任何一部分，则注意另一部分是否正确。

　　全真例题分析

　　(1) In meteorology. Either formation of clouds and the oreciporddidon of dew rain and snow are known as condensation (93.1)

　　[答案] A either改为both，组成both…and词组

　　(2) The survival of a forest depends not only on amount of annual rainfall it receives. And also on the seasonal distribution of the rain.

　　[答案] C and改为but，组成not only…but also 词组

　　(3) Lucretia Mott*s influence was too significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United State. (91.1)

　　[答案] A too改为so,组成so…that结构。

　　(4) The gorilla, not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem. (90.5)

　　[答案] B than改为as， 组成not as…as 结构。

　　(5) Some linguious believe that the earliest languages were no less complex as modern languages (94.5)

　　[答案] D as 改为than,组成“比较级…than”的句型。

　　(6) Whether as statesman, scientist, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was destined to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world. (92.5)

　　[答案] A and改为or，组成whether…or的结构。

　　(7) Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills. (89.5)

　　[答案] B than改为as，组成the same…as的结构。

　　(8) Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic fine harbors, however endowed it with a first-class system of inland waterways. (91.1)

　　[答案] C however 改为but also,组成not only…but also结构。

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