2016年5月托福阅读精讲复习(二)

　　图式推理模式

　　其特点是根据文章作者写作意图，通盘考虑整个文章写作框图架，然后判断出文章中某个词或句的内在含义，该种题型较有隐蔽性，极难对付。

　　例3：Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscope have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes X rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world.

　　Why does the author mention the visible-light microscope in the first paragraph?

　　(A) To begin a discussion of sixteenth-century discoveries

　　(B) To put the X-ray microscope in a historical perspective

　　(C) To show how limited its uses are

　　(D) To explain how it functioned

　　提示：本段文章中讲了各种显微镜的特征，且从早期一直至现代的显微镜(X ray型)。作者这样写作，目的在于将显微镜放在历史角度上叙述一下。换一句话说，作者讲述了显微镜历史。而题目问“作者为什么提到可视显微镜”那说明解应为(B)。(C)可能文章也讲过，但并非是作者的目的所在。

　　总结：本题关键在于解题角度与解题切入点的合理性，因此，读者应引起足够注意。

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